Global Positioning System surveying to monitor land subsidence in Sacramento Valley, California, USA*
نویسندگان
چکیده
A subsidence research program began in 1985 to document the extent and magnitude of land subsidence in Sacramento Valley, California, an area of about 15 600 km, using Global Positioning System (GPS) surveying. A brief description of GPS surveying is followed by a summary of each of four surveys between 1985 and 1989. In addition to periodic conventional spirit levelling, an examination was made of the changes in GPS-derived ellipsoidal height differences (summary differences) between pairs of adjacent bench marks in central Sacramento Valley from 1986 to 1989. The average rates of land subsidence in the southern Sacramento Valley for the past several decades were determined by comparing GPS-derived orthometric heights with historic published elevations. A maximum average rate of 0.053 m year ' (0.90 m in 17 years) of subsidence has been measured. Un Système de Positionnement Global pour l'observation de la subsidence dans la vallée de Sacramento, Californie, USA Résumé Un programme de recherche concernant la subsidence et utilisant un Système de Positionnement Global a débuté en 1985 pour déterminer l'extension et l'amplitude du phénomène de subsidence dans la vallée de Sacramento, Californie, sur une surface de près de 15 600 km. Suite à une courte description du système de positionnement, on fera une brève description des quatre campagnes de mesure ayant eu lieu de 1985 à 1989. Grâce au Système de Positionnement Global et durant la période 1986-1989, non seulement les nivellements habituels ont été effectués périodiquement, mais les modifications des différences de hauteurs ellipsoïdales de couples adjacents de repères situés dans la partie centrale de la vallée de Sacramento ont pu être suivies. La valeur moyenne de la subsidence dans le sud de la vallée de Sacramento au cours des dernières décades a été estimée en comparant les niveaux orthométriques déterminés grâce au système de positionnement avec ceux publiés précédemment. On a ainsi pu évaluer la valeur moyenne maximale de la subsidence à 0.053 m par an (0.90 mètres en 17 ans).
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